@theguardian_science We've known this for decades ... sampling wastewater is a great way to monitor a city's health and habits.
E.g.,:
"Estimating community drug abuse by wastewater analysis", Zuccato et al. 2008.
https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/full/10.1289/ehp.11022
"Detection of enteric viruses in sewage sludge and treated wastewater effluent", Schlindwein et al. 2010.
https://iwaponline.com/wst/article-abstract/61/2/537/16096
"Virus Survival in Wastewater Treatment", Gerba 1981
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780080264011500117