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💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Identification Of Geothermal Anomalies From Landsat Derived Land Surface Temperature, Mount Meager Volcanic Complex, British Columbia, Canada
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doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2025.114 <-- shared paper
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“Highlights:
• A novel method for detecting geothermal components from solar energy dominated LST.
• Using LST time series to eliminate temporal variant solar energy input.
• Uncertainty in anomaly identification quantified by probability measure.
• Capable of revealing LST anomalies caused by geothermal, anthropogenic and surface processes..."
#GIS #spatial #mapping #britishcolumbia #BC #solar #geothermal #remotesensing #earthobservation #LST #spatialanalysis #spatiotemporal #naturalresources #volcanic #geology #geostatistics #landsurfacetemperature #satellite #geothermalheatflux #GHF #energybalance #calculation #model #MountMeager #Landsat #landsat8 #hotspring #landslide #massmovement #engineeringgeology #spring #seep #anthropogenic #HEP #hydropower #monitoring #risk #hazard

photo - sampling a fumerole, Job Glacier, Mount Meager, British Columbia, Canada
Inverted resistivity model from AMT data showing the subsurface rock resistivity structure in South Mount Meager (figure modified from Hormozzade Ghalati et al., 2022). a) resistivity slice at 500 m elevation (asl) showing two distinct high conductive anomalies and locations of the cross sections. Cross sections b) and c) in W-E direction, and d) and e) in N-S direction. Anomaly C1 is spatially in accordance with the occurrence of hot-warm spring swarms along the margin of the volcanic complex. Anomaly C2 appears in a circular shape, coincident spatially with the core area of the known deep geothermal prospect.
a) Map showing the location of Mount Meager Volcanic Complex (MMVC) and its relationship with the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt in western Canada (modified from Stewart, 2002). BR (Bridge River), CC (Mt. Cayley), EV (Elaho Valley), MG (Mt. Garibaldi), MC (Mountain Creek), WP (Watts Point). The red rectangular marks the study area. b, a Landsat-8 colour image (2017-07-18) showing details of the study area by a summer view of the MMVC with glacier (blue) at high altitude and vegetation cover (green) along the river valley. The red circle indicates locations of geothermal exploration wells, and orange polygons, the known hot springs.
Enlarged GHF anomaly maps and Google images explaining some of the possible anthropogenic and natural causes of high LST anomalies: a) GHF component of East Meager Anomaly; b) Google Earth image showing hydro-power station related facilities, and open quarries for local construction and road maintenance; c) GHF component of North Meager; d) Google Earth image showing a possible landslide site coincident with the anomalies.
Public *
💧🌏 Greg Cocks

Atop The Oregon Cascades, [Research] Team Finds A Huge Buried Aquifer
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eurekalert.org/news-releases/1 <-- shared technical article
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doi.org/10.1073/pnas.241515512 <-- shared paper
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usgs.gov/centers/oregon-water- <-- shared USGS technical article, 2011, ‘McKenzie River Source Water Study’
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youtu.be/6R8e5HwGMwU?si=sniW4b <-- shared media video overview
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#GIS #spatial #mapping #model #modeling #water #hydrology #Oregon #Cascades #CascadeMountains #PNW #PacificNorthwest #volcanic #rocks #aquifer #waterresources #watermanagement #climatechange #snowpack #drought #spatialanalysis #CriticalZone #geohazards #geology #engineeringgeology #landscapes #weathering #bedrock #holocene #groundwater #structuralgeology #orogeny #remotesensing #geophysics #sampling #drilling #porosity #permability #tomography #lava #spring #seep #breccia #discharge #streams #runoff #precipitation #climate #rainfall #recharge

photo - Scientists examine a large-volume spring in young volcanic rocks of the McKenzie River watershed on the west side of the Cascade topographic crest that was monitored as part of this study. Credit: Benjamin Nash
map, photo and charts - (A) Electrical resistivity tomography of Olallie North Spring, which emerges along a flow contact of _25 ka Scott Mountain lava flows. Lateral variations correspond to spring discharge points along the lava flow basal breccia such as depicted in (B) (photo: Benjamin Nash). (C) Mean of total yearly range in discharge _Q divided by mean annual flow Qavg versus average upstream age for springs and streams. The horizontal line defines “spring-” versus “runoff-” dominated. (D) SD of yearly average summer discharge (June–September), normalized by Qavg, with CZ state shift labeled.
maps and chart - (A) Distribution of geothermal drill holes. Thin black circles’ radii scale with total logged length, and colors indicate the fraction of length for which dT=dz < 20_C/km (implying downward flux of meteoric water). Red circles are the fraction with inverted gradients (dT=dz < 0_C/km). The purple contour indicates bedrock ages <2 Ma, while stars mark Holocene age phreatomagmatic eruption vents. (B) Two example temperature-depth logs from deep wells in old and young bedrock. (C) Porosity (blue) and resistivity (orange) in the Santiam Pass drill hole SP 77-24. Dashed lines indicate low porosity at high measured resistivity. (D) Chemical weathering tracked by oxidation state of iron in the Santiam Pass drill hole. The green box indicates range of Quaternary High Cascades lavas (SI Appendix), indicating that much of the SP 77-24 hole has been oxidized.
maps and cross section - Oregon Cascades study site. (A) Topography, rivers (from USGS blue lines), stream gauges, lakes, and faults. Olallie North Spring (ONS) and HJ Andrews Experimental Forest (HJA) are labeled. (B) Surface bedrock ages (18), geothermal drill holes, and Quaternary volcanic vents (19). Labeled vents exhibited Holocene phreatomagmatic activity: Sand Mountain volcanic field (SMF), Blue Lake Crater (BLC), Twin Craters (TC). Gray areas are mapped as “Sedimentary deposits and rocks” in ref. 18. (C) Cross-section of swath topography and surface bedrock ages (N-S average of _4 km from Santiam Pass, pink box in panel A), with subsurface structures based on published geologic maps (SI Appendix). The proposed Critical Zone (CZ) state shift and physiographic “Western” and “High” Cascade provinces are labeled. (D) Temperature gradient versus depth in drill holes from panel (C). Near-isothermal or inverted temperature gradients define the “rain curtain.”
Public
Matt Willemsen

Australia’s “Fairy Circles” – Nature’s Hydrogen Goldmine?
Pockmarked landscapes in Australia may be a treasure map of sorts for a natural source of clean energy. Clusters of so-called “fairy circles” in the North Perth Basin of Western Australia have been found to seep hydrogen gas from their perimeters. Natural sources of hydrogen such as these, which have been found on multiple continents, are receiving more and more attention in the quest for fossil fuel alternatives.
scitechdaily.com/australias-fa #australia #hydrogen #FairyCircles #Energy #seep

SciTechDailyAustralia’s “Fairy Circles” – Nature’s Hydrogen Goldmine?Circular Depressions Seep Hydrogen Gas Naturally occurring hydrogen was discovered emanating from “fairy circles” in Australia. Pockmarked landscapes in Australia may be a treasure map of sorts for a natural source of clean energy. Clusters of so-called “fairy circles” in the North Perth Basin o
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